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KMID : 0377619960610120953
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Korean Jungang Medical Journal
1996 Volume.61 No. 12 p.953 ~ p.959
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Literature Review on the Pedictric Head Injury
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Abstract
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Leading cause of pediatric trauma death are due to head injury. Pediatric head injury is seen frequently in most emergency center and often results in disability. Children´s anatomy and activities are different than adult, they suffer different injuries. The studies about pathophysiology of craniocerebral trauma indicate that the symptomatology and threshold for neurophysiologic dysfunction are different in children and adults.
Assessment of the small child is often extremely difficult because the patient is frightened and struggling, can´t communicate verbally. As a prehospital provider, it is essential to identifying obvious injuries and hidden injuries based on how to injury occurred.
Points to remember
1. Trauma is the leading cause of death and disability in children over the age of 1 2. Always consider the mechanism of injuries and the size of the child
3. Rapid assessment, appropriate intervention and transport to an available facilities are the key ingredient to patient survival
4. Large size of the head and weak neck muscle predispose children to serious head injury
5. Oxygenation, hyperventilation, and maintenance of cerebral blood flow are necessary to prevent secondary brain injury and to control intracranial pressure
6. Trauma is preventable. EMS providers must take an active part is not only the treatment of pediatric trauma but its prevention.
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